“Issin”, d asegzawal n teqbaylit s teqbaylit, i d-yeffɣen deg taggara n yunyu ɣer teẓrigin L’odyssée, deg Tizi Wezzu. Nemlal ameskar n “Issin”, Dr Kamal Bouamara, nesteqsa-t ɣef kra n temsal iɣef d-yerra s lebɣi n wul-is. Hatta tdiwennit i nga yid-s.
Areẓqi Ayemmel : Dayen, Issin yeffeɣ-d, yettnuzu deg tnedlisin. D acu i d aḥulfu-inek amezwaru ?
Kamal Bouamara: am wakken qqaren : teffeɣ targit ɣer tafat ! Ayen yellan d takti kan, d asirem, d asenfar, ass-a dayen yuɣal d taɣawsa, d adlis i zemren medden ad walin, ad massen, ad ɣren … Tura ccekk ur yelli, Issin yella ; yella yisem-is, yella netta, mačči am ccix n lkanun : isem-is yella, netta ulac-it!
A.A: akken ttwaliɣ, axeddim i xedment teẓrigin L’odyssée yelha nezzeh, igerrez : afran n teɣlaft, lkaɣeḍ, lexyaḍa, … Rnu ula d ssuma-ines, tsuɛed imdanen. D acu ara d-tiniḍ ?
K.B: D tidet, axeddim xedment teẓrigin L’odysée igerrez, d amahil yeffeɣ nnun, Seg tama-ya, ulac iɛewwacen i ten-yecban. gedha s tezrigin ! Dɣa, ad farseɣ tagnit i yi-yettunefken akken ad snemreɣ aṭas aṭas amaẓrag ɣef wayen iga i udlis n teqbaylit, s umata… rnu, am wakken i d-tenniḍ, s ssuma rxisen, s tin iwumi zemren aṭas n medden…
A.A: ma yella gziɣ mliḥ, yella umgired gar umawal akked d usegzawal ; tin ɣur-s, Issin d asegzawal amezwaru n teqbaylit s teqbaylit. Uqbel ahat ad nekcem s asentel s telqey, riɣ ad aɣ-d-tiniḍ amgired gar AMAWAL akked USEGZAWAL ?
K.B: AMAWAL deg-s umuɣen n wawalen s snat (neɣ ugar) n tultayin ; d amedya, deg tama, ad tafeḍ awalen n teqbaylit (tamaziɣt), deg tayeḍ, ad tafeḍ awalen n tefransist i ten-id-iqublen. Syin ɣur-s, nezmer ad naf deg umawal 100 n wawalen, am wakken i nezmer ad naf deg wayeḍ alef, neɣ amelyun. Mačči d amḍan n wawalen swayes nezmer ad nessemgired AMAWAL akked USEGEZAWAL.
Deg wawal “asegzawal” yella wawal “asegzi”, anamek-is d “asefhem”, ama s yiwet n tutlayt, ama s snat (neɣ 03). Dɣa, deg usegzawal, awal – neɣ tawwurt– ila aṭas n yisallen ; gar yisallen i nezmer ad naf, llan wid yerzan tira akked lmenṭeq-is; llan wid yerzan tajerrumt : awal yezmer ad yili d isem, d amyag, d … ; llan wid yerzan anamek-ines yecban tabadut n wawal neɣ amegdawal-is (neɣ : ameglawal-is), atg… S wannect-a i nezmer ad nessemgired AMAWAL akked USEGZAWAL, mačči s umḍan n wawalen i yellan deg udlis. Taẓrigt n wass-a n Issin deg-s 6000 n tewwura (n wawalen), deg teẓrigin i d-iteddun ad yennerni, maca lemmer deg-s ala 500 neɣ 1000, tili yezga yettusemma d asegzawal. Ihi, ma yella iseḥḥa wawal-a, nezmer ad d-nini dakken Issin d amezwaru deg unnar …
A.A: neẓra dakken asegzawal d aglam ussnan n tutlayt, dɣa Issin d aglam n teqbaylit n wass-a. Maca akken qqaren : “taqbaylit, mačči yiwet”, seg tama ɣer tayeḍ n Tmurt n yeqbayliyen, ad naf taqbaylit temxalaf … Asteqsi-inu amezwaru : acuɣer n teqbaylit akkit, mačči n yiwet n tmeslayt kan, tin n At yemmel iseg d-tefruriḍ ? Acuɣer ur tgiḍ ara, d amedya, akken iga Jean-Marie Dallet, i d-yewwin awal ɣef teqbaylit n At Mengellat ? Asteqsi wis sin : D acu i d anamek n teqbayli n wass-a ?
K.B: d tidet, zemreɣ ad d-awiɣ awal ɣef tmeslayt n taddart-iw, n lɛerc-iw, n tama n Bgayet, … Aglamen n tmeslayin n teqbaylit ilaq ad ilin, ama s ttawil n yisegzawalen, ama s ttawil n tezrawin yettmagan deg tesdawiyin ; ass-a, deg tesdawiyin, aṭas n tmeslayin i d-yettwagelmen yakan ; s waglamen-a i nezmer ad nessiweḍ ad nissin ugar tutlayt-nneɣ. Maca deg usegzawal yecban Issin mačči ala aglam i yellan deg-s, yella deg-s daɣen uslugen n tutlayt. Tura ad d-segziɣ anamek n wawal-a.
Ass-a yella umaynut deg wayen yerzan aẓayer anmetti n teqbaylit, n tmaziɣt ; ass-a tettwaray, tettuselmad deg uɣerbaz, deg tesdawiyin, deg internet ; ttmeslayen yes-s deg yimaṭṭafen, deg tiliẓriwin, … Seg wasmi i tuɣ cwiṭ amkan-is deg uɣerbaz n tmurt n Lezzayer akked tsuddiwin-nniḍen, Leqbayel terza taluft yecban iselmaden, imnuda, imyura, imresjarnen, imeɣnasen s umata… ttemsefhamen yes-s mebla uguren imeqqranen, maca ttemlilin-d daɣen aṭas n wuguren, xersum deg wayen yerzan tira-ines akked wallalen ara yesseqdec i uselmed.
Yiwen am nekki i yellan deg unnar n uselmed akked unadi, seg tazwara n yiseggasen n 1990 ar ass-a, i yemlalen Leqbayel n yal tama, ttḥulfuɣ s wugur-a n uslugen n teqbaylit yal ass. Amek ? Mi ara yekcem uselmad n teqbaylit (tmaziɣt) ɣer tzeqqa n uselmed, ad yemlal d inelmaden i d-kkan seg yal tama n Tmurt n Leqbayel ; dɣa, aselmad mačči d tameslayt-ines ara yesselmed deg tzeqqa, ad yaf dinna taqbaylit temxalaf, tuget mačči d kra.
S Issin ihi, riɣ ad kemmleɣ deg ubrid i d-neǧren imezwura deg temsalt-a n uslugen n teqbaylit ; yewwi-d ad neɛreḍ ad d-nessufɣet talugent i teqbaylit, talugent swayes ara narut, ara neslemdet, atg. Deg ubrid-a n uslugen n teqbaylit, yella yakan wayen yettwaxedmen, ayen iɣef msefhamen wid terza temsalt, am ugemmay, ilugan n tira n wawalen akked tefyar, … yella wayen iɣef mazal ad nemsefham … Deg Issin, ɛerḍeɣ ad d-awiɣ awal ɣef teqbaylit akken ma tella, ɛerḍeɣ ad d-greɣ timgirdiwin iwulmen i yellan deg teqbaylit, ama d tid yerzan lmenṭeq, ama d tid yerzan anamek neɣ talɣa n wawalen… Issin d ttawil, d adlis iwulmen i uselmed n teqbaylit …
Γef wayen yerzan asteqsi-inek wis-sin (02), ad d-iniɣ dakken tutlayt, seg tallit ɣer tayeḍ, tettbeddil ; ihi ula d taqbaylit akken. D amedya, amawal n teqbaylit n tallit n Yusef Uqasi (lqern wis XVII- lqern wis XVIII) akked tin n wass-a yemxalaf : llan wawalen ijellun, llan wid i d-ikeččmen… Deg teqbaylit n Yusef, awalen yecban : lakul, aɣerbaz, azul, tilelli, …, ulac-iten !
A.A: asteqsi-nniḍen ad d-yawi ɣef umgired gar wawalen taqbaylit/tamaziɣt. D acu i d taqbaylit, d acu i tamaziɣt ?
K.B: ass-a yezga gar yiḍelli (amezruy) akked wazekka (imal) ; ihi yelha ma nefrez timsal, akken ad nemseham ɣef unamek n wawalen : ayen yezrin, yezri, werǧin ad d-yuɣal ; azekka, d ayen-nniḍen ; azekka, imal, ttmeyyizen-as medden, bennun-t-id. Ihi ad ɛerḍeɣ ad d-rreɣ i usteqsi-inek akka. Seg tama n umezruy, tamaziɣt tezmer ad tili d tayemmat n « tutlayin timaziɣin » yellan ass-a, am teqbaylit, tacawit, tumẓabt, tacelḥit, tarifit, atg. S unamek-nniḍen, yezmer lḥal ahat yiwet n tmaziɣt i yellan deg tallit-nni n Mass-nsen akked tin n Yugar-iten, ur neẓri ara, ur nzemmer ad nẓer … Maca seg tallit-nni armi tin n wass-a, aṭas i yeḍran, aṭas n leqrun i yezrin deg wakal n Tmazɣa … Deg tallit n wass-a, yal tarbaɛt ( Izwawen [1] , Leqbayel, Icelḥiyen, Irifiyen, …) tettmeslay tamaziɣt-ines ; ihi tiririt-inu tamezwarut ɣef usteqsi-inek d ta : taqbaylit, d tamaziɣt n Tmurt n Leqbayel.
Deg wayen yerzan imal (azekka), d ayen-nniḍen. Da, mxalafent taktiwin, mxalafen wahilen. Llan sin d igejdanen:
- Llan wid yebɣan, yessaramen ad d-gen yiwet n tmaziɣt swayes ara msefhamen Imaziɣen sumata. Takti yecban ta, taswiɛt-a d takti kan, d ahil kan, d targit kan. Ahil yecban wa mačči s wawal i yezmer yiwen ad t-id-yessali, neɣ s tuɣalin s amezruy, …
- Llan daɣen wid i d-yelhan d tmaziɣt akken tella deg tilawt, deg wannar ; dɣa yal tarbaɛt tecɣel d tmaziɣt-ines : Leqbayel xeddmen taqbaylit, Icelḥiyen ceɣlen d tcelḥit, atg. Maca aṭas n medden ur negzim ara assaɣen yellan gar tamiwin-a n Tmazɣa ; aṭas ur nri ara ad gezmen isakaten, assaɣen yellan gar trebbaɛ-a, ama seg tama n uselmed akked unadi, ama seg tamiwin-nniḍen, yecban tasertit, timetti, tdamsa, ...
A.A: asteqsi aneggaru yerza tamsalt n B/V. D acu i tenniḍ ?
K.B: wid yebɣan ad rren V deg wadeg n B, ur gzin ara acemma deg temsalt-a n tira n teqbaylit. Tira tumrist n teqbaylit mačči d tira tamsislant… Llant tirawin-nniḍen : win yebɣan ad d-yesken imesla (sons) yellan deg tmeslayt n taddart-is, yewwi-d ad yefren tira tamsislant, mačči d tira tumrist...
